Is virtual reality a valid tool for restorative environments research?

This study examines the validity of virtual reality for assessing restorative quality environments. In Study 1, participants (N = 23) visited a real natural and urban environment, after completing task to induce mental fatigue (i.e., Sudoku task). We found that perceived characteristics, preference ratings, experienced pleasure self-reported restoration were higher in environment compared environment. Perceived characteristics could predict both environments, as well 2, 26) again following induction. Findings showed simulations elicit similar effects counterparts these preference, Additionally, did not find significant differences between butterfly garden. Moreover, predicted garden These findings indicate can be valid tool environments research.